The result is a mounting humanitarian crisis. Having traded their livelihoods for safety, people fleeing to the countryside are unable to find work in their villages. Few places in Myanmar outside of cities offer employment opportunities, other than exploitative businesses such as the jade and timber trades.
“People returning to their rural homes are unlikely to find jobs, and will place further strain on families’ ability to get enough food and make ends meet,” said Richard Horsey, a senior adviser to the International Crisis Group, who warned the U.N. Security Council last week that Myanmar faces “state collapse.” He estimates that several hundred thousand people have left the cities in recent weeks.