Pog's fall might have been 'minor' by tdf standards, but you could see he'd lost a fair bit of skin. Only needed to be off his game by a few percentage points for Jonas to take that kind of time.
Not that I'm going to say there's no doping in the peloton... But I don't think you can just extrapolate from relative performance on the day. Also Vingegaard's attack on stage 11 saw him hit 6.1-6.3w/kg for 15 minutes or so. The likes of Pantani, Ullrich etc were doing far higher numbers than that. Think Armstrong could get mid 6s for 30 minutes, close to 7 for 20 minutes (am not going to do a deep dive to look up confirmed figures). And as Bees says we do have actual, measurable improvements in training, nutrition etc. The tech one sometimes leaves me with a bit of a raised eyebrow (always seems to be '1-2 watts' for whatever vastly expensive thing ceramicspeed is trying to shift). But I think broader stuff like lighter aero wheels, better rider comfort, better shifting, braking etc are on firmer ground.
And yeah, this tour has been phenomenal.