late reply, sorry.
mostly old & half remembered knowledge, tbf, had to think & look around a bit.
marx was born in 1818 & died in 1883. he researched & wrote the first part of the capital 1840-1867.
here's figures from the 1871 uk census:
agriculture 14.2 %
fishing .2
mining 4.5
building 6.5
manufacturing 31.6
'dealing' (stores) 7.8
transport 4.9
public/professional service 5.5
domestic service 15.8
&.here is some data of transitions over time:
but the uk was unique. in germany, 67 % of the population still lived in rural areas
'at the birth of the empire' (1871) & in most of europe agriculture remained the primary sector of economy for many decades (until the 1940s according to
this article - though no source given).
re domestic servants: i don't think that sector ever occupied a third of the work force (see figs above), found
this that says 1/3 of women between ages 15-20 - more than a million - were in d.s. in 1891.
www.campop.geog.cam.ac.uk
www.populationspast.org