China's population is set to start declining this decade.
They will soon have a rapdily ageing population. This is the data from 2020.
2021's data shows a large drop since then.
A number of countries have recorded a decline in births since the pandemic began
www.voanews.com
They have problems of high housing costs, women needing to work, women getting educated and a developed world demographic age spread with a developing world economy. I.e. its not Italy or Germany (both face similarish problems) with their per capita GDPs. More over much of China's growth is aimed at being internally driven but the young debt raising and spending 20s and 30s will not be there in the numbers. They can still theoretically increase their economy by moving "up the value chain" and having better trained, more productive workers earning more. But they are also likely to dragged into the middle income trap, where a country finds its work force being paid too much to compete in the cheapest fields but not able to really break into higher end manufacturing and design quick enough to make up for that. This is where their weird spat with America is hurting them. They are getting blocked from many of the fields they want to move into.
In 10 years time their pensions bill is going to sky rocket. Their health care costs are going to go up rapidly and even now the bargaining power of their labour force will be increasing as there are less and less 20 somethings entering that force.
I strongly doubt that China will surpass the US GDP anywhere near as quickly as everyone seems to assume. The US does import a huge amount of people that it integrates into its society every year. Its path to continued growth is clearer.