Ethnic groups[edit]
According to
2001 Ukrainian Census, the population of Crimea was 2,033,700.
[47] The ethnic makeup was comprised the following self-reported groups:
Russians: 58.32%;
Ukrainians: 24.32%;
Crimean Tatars: 12.1%;
Belarusians: 1.44%;
Tatars: 0.54%;
Armenians: 0.43%;
Jews: 0.22%,
Greeks: 0.15% and others.
[48]
Ethnic
group
1897 census1939 census1959 census1979 census1989 census
2001 census
Number %Number %Number %Number %Number %Number %
Russians180,96333.11% 49.6% 71.4% 68.4% 67.1%1,180,44158.32%
Ukrainians64,70311.84% 13.7% 22.3% 25.6% 25.8%492,22724.32%
Crimean Tatars194,29435.55% 19.4% 0% 0.7% 1.6%243,43312.03%
Others
Other minorities are
Black Sea Germans,
Romani people,
Bulgarians,
Poles,
Azerbaijanis,
Koreans,
Greeks and
Italians. The number of
Crimea Germans was 45,000 in 1941.
[49] In 1944, 70,000
Greeks and 14,000 Bulgarians from the Crimea were deported to Central Asia and Siberia,
[50] along with 200,000 Crimean Tatars and other nationalities.
[51]
Ukrainian is the single
official state language countrywide, and is the sole language of government in Ukraine. According to the census mentioned, 77% of Crimean inhabitants named Russian as their native language; 11.4% – Crimean Tatar; and 10.1% – Ukrainian.
[52] In Crimea government business is carried out mainly in
Russian. Attempts to
expand the usage of Ukrainian in education and government affairs have been less successful in Crimea than in other areas of the nation.
[53]
Currently two thirds of the migrants into Crimea are from other regions of Ukraine; every 5th migrant is from the former Soviet Union and every 40th from outside of it. Three quarters of those leaving Crimea move to other areas in Ukraine. Every 20th migrates to the West.
[52]
The number of Crimean residents who consider Ukraine their
motherland increased sharply from 32% to 71.3% from 2008 through 2011; according to a poll by
Razumkov Center in March 2011,
[54] although this is the lowest number in all Ukraine (93% on average across the country).
[54] Surveys of regional identities in Ukraine have shown that around 30% of Crimean residents claim to have retained a self-identified "
Soviet identity".
[55]