Part three
Embodied Carbon equivalent (CO2e) is the amount of greenhouse gas
(GHG) that is produced during the extraction, production, transportation
and destruction of materials (cradle to grave). This has largely been
ignored by developers and planning officers across Lambeth’s
developments but is critical if the council is seriously concerned about
the effects of global heating on our climate and ecology. Ideally
Lambeth would have a carbon budget in the same way as it has a
financial budget which it must not exceed. In the absence of a carbon
budget, Lambeth must move away from pushing materials such as
bricks, cement and reinforced concrete and insist that developers use
materials that benefit our environment. This is particularly the case for
its own in-house developer, Homes for Lambeth, over which it
theoretically has complete control.
Below are a couple of materials, the use of which should not be
encouraged, and which are used extensively in Lambeth:
● Cement
Cement is a very high CO2e emitter. Guidance from Green Building
Resource GreenSpec lists cement production as the third ranking
producer of anthropogenic (man-made) CO2e in the world, after
transport and energy generation. This is on top of the following:
- The production of cement results in high levels of CO2e output.
- 4-5% of the worldwide total of CO2e emissions is caused by cement
production.
- Concrete production makes up almost 1/10th of the world’s industrial
water use
- 75% of this consumption is in drought and water-stressed regions
- Cement constructions contribute to the “urban heat island effect”, by
absorbing the warmth of the sun and trapping gases from car exhausts
and air-conditioner units
- Dust from wind-blown stocks and mixers contributes to air pollution
- Quarries, cement factories, transport and building sites all contribute
to air pollution
● Steel Steel also has a significant impact on the environment:
- It is CO2e intensive
- It increases pollution associated with steel production (coke oven gas,
naphthalene, ammonium compounds, crude light oil, sulphur and coke
dust) There are many alternative materials now being manufactured,
such as Hempcrete and mass timber (wood) that are sustainable and
should be recommended as build materials instead of emission heavy
cement:
● Hempcrete Hempcrete combats carbon emissions. It is one of the few