Has been a most interesting thread.
Going back to the power-trip theme, I think this is only part of the explanation (never justification) for the unacceptable follow-ons to a compliment not "correctly" taken. Every straight male on here will remember how terrifying it was to go up and talk to a girl, particularly when all your mates were watching. Fear of public rejection is crippling. I think a lot of unacceptable harassment is caused by peer-fear, as young men assert their masculinity mainly in front of other young men and by their peers' standards. So when a flirtatious/complimentary approach doesn't get an immediate result - it's clear she's not interested - the aggressive/insulting reaction is for the benefit of his peers ('I am not such a loser...'). Before the approach, adrenaline pumps - it would be interesting to measure heart-rate, and I'd be prepared to bet that it goes up well before the exchange starts - and it, together with testosterone, triggers the twattish reaction.
So research into sexual street harassment can't give a full picture without finding out more about the perpetrators, what they think they were doing, what values drive their behaviour, what insecurities underlie it, if and why they think it's somehow cool or funny.
It's a mystery to me why we humans as adolescents (a phase which seems to last for several decades) divide into single-sex groups and exchange ignorance about the opposite sex with our peers. I was speaking to a young man the other day who said that he and his mates used to travel in groups on the late night tubes and buses in the hope of meeting and chatting up girls. No big surprise their success rate was precisely zero.