Typically, each Janatana Sarkar cell comprises a cluster of between five and seven settlements or villages; a population of 5,000 or so in a mixed geography of forest, hill, farmland and plains. A cell committee that administers Janatana Sarkar consists of adult villagers under the direct supervision of a Maoist political functionary.
Mostly, Janatana Sarkar resembles a mix of the village-level panchayati raj and block-level development and administrative functions, with clearances for various initiatives and projects taken at progressively higher levels of local and regional Maoist administration—the area committee, divisional committee, and so on up the scale. The Janatana Sarkar development committee would, say, undertake digging or dredging of ponds, and building of check dams. Janatana Sarkar’s agricultural committee inputs seeding and cropping techniques, clears land for farming (even redistributing or managing land appropriated from those marked as police informers) and injects the practice of cooperative farming. A corollary, the forest committee, supervises gathering of what government economists label minor forest produce—leaves, flowers—and bamboo; this is a revenue source for both residents and rebels. The medical committee arranges basic healthcare and runs a network of barefoot doctors.
The education committee handles basic education, teacher training schools and also indoctrination—this input comes directly from the rebel propaganda unit in the area. This dovetails with the cultural committee, used to motivate people to join the rebels; so it also has a talent-spotting role alongside propaganda.
As with education and culture, the rebel twist is evident in the defence committee, which provides for about five people in every settlement to be trained in the use of basic, locally made guns; some would continue to use traditional tribal bows and arrows, and axes. This village-level structure is a direct route to the militia—Jan Militia—that supports regular armed Maoist cadre in defence, raids, triggering pre-set explosive devices, and gathering intelligence. This is close to the heart of the rebel structure, as is the justice committee, which rules on a wide range of matters from infringements that can lead to fines, flogging or banishment; to summary execution for suspected police informers. The finance committee feeds it all. It taxes merchants of forest produce like those dealing in tendu leaves, small shop owners, transporters, timber merchants and all manner of contractors.