If you put the same beans, same grind, in a cafetiere and a moka pot, hell yeah, you'll get a different brew.
Likewise, if you try roasting a mixed tray of full /uncut adult King Edwards and baby new potatoes, you'll end up with very different results. Either half of them will be charcoal, or half of them will be uncooked.
Cafetieres are made to take full grown king Edwards. Cooked for a very long time. At a lower temperature.
Moka pots are made to take baby new potatoes. Blitzed, very quickly, at a very high temperature / pressure.
If you're trying to use the same potatoes in both machines, you're going to be fucking at least half of your brews up.
Cafetieres excel at light roast beans. Acidic, fruity, interesting, complex, really coarse ground, 4mins, lower temperatures.
Moka pots will produce sour dreck out of the same beans. Grind the same beans finer, and you'll end up with harsh, repellently acidic sour dreck. Instead, they (i believe) excel with darker roast beans. Finer ground. Well suited to having everything sucked out of them in 30-60s.
It's... just... asking for a shit brew, putting the same beans / same water:coffee ratio / same grind into processes using massively different temperatures, timings, and pressures. You wouldn't use icing sugar to get a crispy topping on a creme caramel (believe me, I've tried, blow torch and all.)
I've barely ever found a bean that I'll use in both espresso and filter. Ok, there's been one or two, roast right on the cusp (and even then, I'll give them massively different grinds). But 9 times out of ten, IMO it's a complete no-brainer. Most beans - even before they've been ground - are better suited to short, hot, brutal extractions OR long, cooler, gentle extractions. And that tends to be mimicked by their roast and grind (dark / fine for hot and brutal, lighter / coarse for long and gentle).