“ChatGPT, use your output to write me a new LLM”
Well, this is its starting advice:
Creating a new large language model (LLM) from scratch is a massive undertaking that requires expertise in machine learning, access to large-scale datasets, and substantial computational power. However, I can guide you through the process at a high level and provide code snippets to help you get started.
Steps to Build a Basic LLM
1. Data Collection: Gather a large, diverse, and high-quality text dataset.
2. Preprocessing: Clean, tokenize, and structure the data for training.
3. Model Selection: Choose a model architecture (e.g., Transformer-based models like GPT).
4. Training: Use deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch to train the model.
5. Fine-tuning: Improve the model with task-specific datasets.
6. Deployment: Optimise the model for inference and make it accessible.
Step 1: Setting Up the Environment
You’ll need Python and libraries like transformers, torch, and datasets. Install them using:
pip install torch transformers datasets tokenizers
Step 2: Choosing a Pre-Trained Model
Instead of training from scratch (which requires huge resources), you can fine-tune an existing model:
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer
model_name = "EleutherAI/gpt-neo-1.3B" # A pre-trained GPT-like model
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_name)
Step 3: Preprocessing Data
Prepare your dataset for fine-tuning:
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("wikitext", "wikitext-2-raw-v1")
def tokenize_function(examples):
return tokenizer(examples["text"], padding="max_length", truncation=True)
tokenized_datasets = dataset.map(tokenize_function, batched=True)
Step 4: Training the Model
Fine-tune the model using Hugging Face’s Trainer API:
from transformers import Trainer, TrainingArguments
training_args = TrainingArguments(
output_dir="./results",
evaluation_strategy="epoch",
per_device_train_batch_size=2,
per_device_eval_batch_size=2,
num_train_epochs=3,
weight_decay=0.01,
)
trainer = Trainer(
model=model,
args=training_args,
train_dataset=tokenized_datasets["train"],
eval_dataset=tokenized_datasets["validation"],
)
trainer.train()
Step 5: Saving and Using the Model
After training, save your model:
model.save_pretrained("./custom-llm")
tokenizer.save_pretrained("./custom-llm")
To generate text with your new model:
from transformers import pipeline
generator = pipeline("text-generation", model="./custom-llm")
print(generator("Once upon a time,"))
Scaling Up
* If you want a custom LLM from scratch, you’ll need thousands of GPUs and datasets in the terabyte range.
* Fine-tuning pre-trained models is much more feasible.
Would you like a more detailed guide on data collection or scaling strategies?