2hats
Dust.
#torymutantvirus
#torymutantvirus
Respira.
As in Respiratory virus.
Sounds like a brand of toning mist.
How about purga?
I can almost hear people now, talking about how rough it was when they caught the purga rona.
New 'US' variant (?) - no details yet.
Turns out to have been speculation by Birx, apparently.
False Reports of a New ‘U.S. Variant’ Came From White House Task Force (Published 2021)
Reports of a highly contagious new variant, published on Friday by multiple news outlets, were based on speculative statements made by Dr. Deborah Birx.www.nytimes.com
... potentially associated with an increased propensity for re-infection of individuals".
Genomic characterisation of an emergent SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus: preliminary findings
Genomic characterisation of an emergent SARS-CoV-2 lineage in Manaus: preliminary findings Nuno R. Faria1,2,3, Ingra Morales Claro3,4, Darlan Candido2,3, Lucas A. Moyses Franco3,4, Pamela S. Andrade3,4, Thais M. Coletti3,4, Camila A. M. Silva3,4, Flavia C. Sales3,4, Erika R. Manuli3,4, Renato...virological.org
A 37-years-old healthcare worker resident in Northeast Brazil presented two clinical episodes of COVID-19 in June and October 2020, that were confirmed by RT-PCR in samples collected 116 days apart. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the two infections were caused, respectively, by the two most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 Brazilian lineages B.1.1.33 (primo-infection) and B.1.1.28 (reinfection).
A 45-year-old female healthcare executive, resident in Salvador, Bahia state, Northeast Brazil, with no comorbidities, presenting symptoms of viral infection on two occasions (May 26, 2020 and October 26, 2020).
In both occasions, results of RT-PCR tests targeting 3 genes (N, E and RdR) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal samples.
Sequencing was conducted on the two nasopharyngeal swabs, sample A was identified as B.1.1.33 lineage and sample B as B.1.1.248, a lineage derived from B.1.1.28, recently identified in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis, of the two newly whole genome sequences compared with contemporaneous sequences from Brazil clearly demonstrated that the two COVID-19 episodes, separated by a 147-day interval, were indeed caused by different SARS-CoV-2 lineages, confirming reinfection.
See previously second reference in post #159. E484K has demonstrated degrees of immune escape in this and the "SA" variant and in the lab.Some evidence of that in this paper.
Spike E484K mutation in the first SARS-CoV-2 reinfection case confirmed in Brazil, 2020
Spike E484K mutation in the first SARS-CoV-2 reinfection case confirmed in Brazil Authors Paola Cristina Resende1*, João Felipe Bezerra2, Romero Henrique Teixeira de Vasconcelos2, Ighor Arantes3, Luciana Appolinario1, Ana Carolina Mendonça1, Anna Carolina Paixao1, Ana Carolina Duarte...virological.org
Doesn't look good that you can be infected by one strain and then later by another.Some evidence of that in this paper.
Spike E484K mutation in the first SARS-CoV-2 reinfection case confirmed in Brazil, 2020
Spike E484K mutation in the first SARS-CoV-2 reinfection case confirmed in Brazil Authors Paola Cristina Resende1*, João Felipe Bezerra2, Romero Henrique Teixeira de Vasconcelos2, Ighor Arantes3, Luciana Appolinario1, Ana Carolina Mendonça1, Anna Carolina Paixao1, Ana Carolina Duarte...virological.org
One of the "Brazilian" variants already circulating in the UK.A new preprint investigates the effect of recently seen mutations on ACE2 affinity.
501Y seen in the B.1.1.7 (UK) variant exhibits 2.5x affinity compared to previous variants. The 501Y plus E484K mutations seen in B.1.351 and B.1.1.248, P.1 (SA and new Brazilian variants) exhibit 13x affinity.
But it is not yet clear as to the implications of this for transmissibility/pathogenesis, as a tighter binding and other mutations in those variants, in tandem with E484K, might even inhibit transmission (this has been seen in some other combinations of mutations).
DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.06.425392SARS-CoV-2 RBD in vitro evolution follows contagious mutation spread, yet generates an able infection inhibitor
SARS-CoV-2 is constantly evolving, with more contagious mutations spreading rapidly. Using in vitro evolution to affinity maturate the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein towards ACE2, resulted in the more contagious mutations, S477N, E484K, and N501Y to be among the first...www.biorxiv.org
B.1.1.248, P.1 are clearly variants to keep an eye on and require further analysis.
The preprint is now upTwo new US variants reported, identified in Columbus, Ohio. One, COH.20G/501Y, includes the N501Y mutation seen in 20B/501Y.V1 aka VOC 202012/01 (B.1.1.7, the "UK" variant) and 20C/501Y.V2 (B.1.351, the "SA" variant). The other is reported as having three mutations in the spike. No details yet.
e2a: One of these variants looks like it has mutations Q677H (spike), A85S (matrix), D377Y (nucleocapsid).Researchers Discover New Variant of COVID-19 Virus in Columbus, Ohio
Here is some information from The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center I wanted to share with you.wexnermedical.osu.edu
Quite possible it will happen sooner or later, though likely in degrees of reduction of efficacy rather than all out failure. More likely to happen the longer the virus is left to circulate in large populations unchecked.2hats what are the chances of a variant which could defeat the immunity afforded by the 3 current UK vaccines?
Similar timeframe - synthesise new DNA, just like RNA for Pfizer, Moderna. But then they all need to convince the regulatory bodies that they work and are safe. Maybe some will eventually produce polyvalent vaccines to better target a number of variants of concern as determined by sequencing. Likely manufacturing and distribution of new versions and demands for such in preference to previous are going to throw up issues.I understand the Pfizer vaccine can be changed quickly, what about the Oxford/Astra Zeneca one?
Daniel Griffin who does a weekly clinical report talked about a similar suspected reinfection a while ago (about June) where the second infection was a lot more serious (fatal iirc) than the first one. Any idea how frequent this could be? With undetected asymptomatic first infections these could easily sneak under the radar.Confirmed reinfection in the UK by a different variant (B.2 first, then B.1.1.7), after just over 8 months. Patient was a 78 year old with type 2 diabetes, no immunosuppression. First episode mild, second critical/life threatening. The patient's antibody levels were regularly monitored after the first infection and antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were present shortly before the onset of the second infection. Raises questions about immune and vaccine escape and possibility of reinfection.
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab014
This article is a good summary of where we are up to with recent, key variants. In particular the P.1 variant which appears to be spreading rapidly around Manaus, Brazil, where a high level of seropositives have previously been recorded. Whether this is happening because it escapes previously acquired immunity or that immunity is now on the wane is very much an active area of investigation.
Science | AAAS
www.sciencemag.org