frogwoman and
spanglechick -- you have both responded to my post by personalising the problem, i.e. focusing on questions of blame (i.e. people thinking "a trans woman is taking my job") or intent (i.e. nobody is going to become trans to exploit the system). But I did not intend to raise the issue as one of personal responsibility. It's not about what individuals choose to do or think within the system, it's about the system itself. The reasons women have a hard time in society are generally
structural, not about whether individuals are 'good people' or not. Structural problems need structural solutions and various such structural solutions have been tried, and these solutions need good quality data to ascertain their success.
There comes a point where it is hard to talk in abstract terms and concrete examples are needed but the problem with this is that the discussion becomes about that specific concrete example rather than about the issues it raises as a case study. Nevertheless, I'm going to try.
One reason that there is such a division in pay is that as women reach the point they have children, they run up against the various structural walls that exist which stop their career advancement. Society is focused on women being the primary caregiver and is not prepared to give primary caregivers the breaks needed to allow them to maintain the same career trajectory they had before. The problem is exacerbated because girls are generally socialised to put others first and to not push themselves forward unless they are sure of success (men will apply for a job if they meet 50% of the criteria; women won't unless they meet 80%). These various problems then bleed through to create other problems, such as a lack of female role models ("we can't be what we can't see") and assumptions regarding what success looks like ("we want someone just like Jim").
So we need to address these structural issues, and various approaches are taken to this. Now, it is not clear that trans women have these same underlying structural difficulties in obtaining representation at higher levels. Some differences are due to a difference in socialisation during upbringing (the CV issue, for example) and some are due to not facing the same material disadvantages (e.g. bearing children). As such, to allow trans women to take advantage of the solutions focussed on addressing discrimination against women generally is potentially to undermine those solutions.
This is not an easy problem. Right now, there is a certain element of "who cares?" to it, because trans women are such a small minority. But if we are fighting for the right to be who we are, we are surely fighting for a future in which more people feel comfortable declaring themselves to be transgendered? In which case, this may become more of an issue. Furthermore, if we are also fighting for acceptance for trans women who remain quite male in appearance (and "attitude"?), there is an even stronger reason to simultaneously worry about the impact of this on the attempt to compensate for the structural reasons for antipathy towards women.