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Taking on the currency cranks

This is another currency crank fallacy: that all interest received by banks is pure profit. Actually it is only the bank's gross income, out of which must be paid the bank's running costs (buildings, computers, etc) as well as staff wages but also interest to those from who the banks have themselves borrowed money (according to Robert Peston, the "interest margin" between what banks charge for loans and what they pay out in interest is currently not much above 2%, ie if they charge borrowers 6% they pay lenders to them 4%). What's left is profit, out of which is paid dividends to shareholders, big bonuses to top executives or which is accumulated as more capital. Apart from the last, all the interest is distributed to people or institutions who will spend it and even the part transferred to the reserves as more bank will be spent in the sense of being invested in bonds. It won't be hoarded ("stockpiled"), as you seem to be suggesting. This is not banks behaving "altruistically" but the way they work.
I meant to go back to this. 2% doesn't sound like a great margin. But when you consider that this 2% is 2% of our entire money supply, it's stupendously massive. No wonder bankers can take such huge salaries, and they have the flashiest buildings in town!
 
This is an argument I've seen put before - that it is in the interests of banks to cause default on loans in order to seize the assets the loans were secured against. But I'm not entirely clear that this is a coherent argument. By doing this, the banks cause a collapse in confidence and the devaluing of those assets - and of course, they never get the money back from their loans as a result.
This was the other point I wanted to come back to. Overall (counting the banks as one) the banks can do fantastically well with this. Their money costs nothing to produce and as the money comes in to repay loan principals, it simply disappears anyway! If they get to take real assets, that is gaining real wealth.
 
I meant to go back to this. 2% doesn't sound like a great margin. But when you consider that this 2% is 2% of our entire money supply, it's stupendously massive. No wonder bankers can take such huge salaries, and they have the flashiest buildings in town!
You've really shot yourself in the foot this time, Jazzz. Because, surely, an interest margin is still going to exist with "full reserve banking", i.e banks will charge borrowers a higher rate of interest than they pay to those with time-deposits with them, won't they? I imagine the margin between the two will also be of the order or 2-3%. What do you think it will be?

Also, even the 2% is not pure profit for the banks as they still have to pay their running costs (buildings, computers, staff wages, stationery, etc) out of this.
 
who denies that banks make big profits though? who thinks that it's justifiable? that's never been the point of contention on any of these threads.

However Jean-Luc is correct about what that margin has to cover in terms of fixed/variable costs alone - staff compensation alone for big banks up to around 2008 was running at between 45% and 65% of net revenues

Jazz is still all over the place though - in post 302 he claims 'their money costs them nothing to produce' - yet in post 301 admits that 2% is the margin between what banks earn in interest on their loans and what banks pay in interest on the funding for their loans (i.e. the cost of 'producing' the money for the loan)

edit: and while i'm here - freespirit you seem to have gone pretty quiet since this post of mine. you were very confident you were correct about the motivations for QE, so i'm patiently waiting for the evidence for your assertions to be set out in the same way I did for my assertion - then the jury can retire and consider their decision
 
Jazzz has a point, though, eh? That's a massive amount of money.
Maybe, but banks are not the only enterprises that make profits. All capitalist enterprises try do and generally succeed. I suspect that bank profits will only be a relatively small proportion of total profits. Why just pick on bank profits? All profit-making firms have an income that exceeds their expenditure, ultimately from paying those who produce less than the value of what they produce.

I'm not sure what your argument is: that nobody should be able to lend money at interest? I hold no brief for the banks (of course not) but, given capitalism, if they weren't allow to make profits then they wouldn't operate and we have to rely on peer-to-peer lending. But then perhaps you object to individuals who lend money, whether directly to other individuals or indirectly via a bank, receiving interest too? As I just said, given capitalism, that's completely unrealistic.

In fact, not even Jazzz objects to banks making a profit, as long as they do so only by lending money from time-deposits.
 
I'm not sure what your argument is: that nobody should be able to lend money at interest?
Private entities should not be able to lend money at interest. A full nationalisation of the money-creation process in which state entities and genuine cooperatives are the only ones allowed to lend money at interest. That is the only way to prevent the inevitable conflict of interests that private money creation entails - getting people into debt is good for business; hiking up asset values is good for business; what is good for the bank, generally, is not good for everyone else.

Even in narrow capitalist terms, a business in whose interests it is to fuck over its customers is not one that should exist in a market system.

And this is, imo, a realistic possibility as capitalism continues to misfire. I'm not a revolutionary. Or at least, I do not wish for violent revolution. There is an inherent flaw to violent revolution, in that the power to violence that achieved the change will then be in the hands a particular band following that change. And then, inevitably, we who do not control the means to violence shake hands with the new boss. So I look for potential ways of getting from here to somewhere better that don't involve violent revolution. This is one of those ways, imo. I know many on here disagree.
 
No they don't, have you not followed the thread?
You clearly haven't read any of the papers I've linked to. Do so. Steve Keen is a very good place to start.

Money creation is by no means the end of the story. How that money then circulates is the effect it has on the economy. The size of the money supply varies hugely from one economy to the next. The value that is attached to that money is created by real people doing real things. But if you're talking narrowly about what money is and how it is created, this is fundamentally the story.
 
Before you start trying to patronise me, try reading some of my links. These are not links to cranks.

Oh, I thought you were patronising me! I was just reflecting your own words back to you. Love detective has shown how bank loans have to be funded. So I'm not sure how you can claim that banks create money other than via circulation.
 
Oh, I thought you were patronising me! I was just reflecting your own words back to you. Love detective has shown how bank loans have to be funded. So I'm not sure how you can claim that banks create money other than via circulation.
No, you started the patronising with your 'have you been following the thread'.

Bank loans do have to be funded. They are funded by the deposits that the loans themselves create. That is the contention of Keen and others, and it is a contention that I find very compelling. It is called the endogenous theory of money creation. Keen models this and contends that the empirical evidence proves that this is the way things work. Try reading some of his articles.

One thing that is very true, though, is that a functional system of circulation has to be in place for this process to be possible. When that breaks down, well, we have seen what happens.
 
I said "have you not followed the thread?" because IMO, the idea that banks create money other than via circulation has been thoroughly debunked. I haven't seen anything to convince me otherwise.
 
I said "have you not followed the thread?" because IMO, the idea that banks create money other than via circulation has been thoroughly debunked. I haven't seen anything to convince me otherwise.
Exactly. You haven't read any of the links I've given, have you?

here's quite a recent one. but there is loads out there. I'd recommend you trying to grapple with his models to see what it is that he is contending and why he is contending it. NOT A CRANK. Not at all.

I linked to this last page, but I'll give it to you again. Look at the second paper down. Work your way through it and try to follow the logic of his models. It is a very sound logic, given his assumptions. He himself points out some of the flaws in his assumptions and ways that the model can be improved, but in itself, it provides a working model of what he's talking about that avoids many of the flaws that other models have.
 
You've really shot yourself in the foot this time, Jazzz. Because, surely, an interest margin is still going to exist with "full reserve banking", i.e banks will charge borrowers a higher rate of interest than they pay to those with time-deposits with them, won't they? I imagine the margin between the two will also be of the order or 2-3%. What do you think it will be?

Also, even the 2% is not pure profit for the banks as they still have to pay their running costs (buildings, computers, staff wages, stationery, etc) out of this.
But the point is that with a great deal of our money circulating in demand deposits as now - and crucially with us making the money up ourselves interest-free, the banking loan market would reduce hugely. Also, note that if interest rates on savings accounts became zero, that is in keeping with an inflation-free and more equal economy.
 
But the point is that with a great deal of our money circulating in demand deposits as now - and crucially with us making the money up ourselves interest-free, the banking loan market would reduce hugely.
When you say it will be "us" who will be making the money I assume you mean the government or some State body (which is not at all the same as "us")? I agree that, under your proposed Banking Reform, bank loans would be reduced, but the economy's demand for loans wouldn't. So you are being logical here in seeking an alternative supply: fiat money created by the State by a keyboard stroke (which is what you imagine commercial banks do today). I don't know whether or not this would work, but I suspect the temptation would be too strong and that more than the economy requires will be "printed", which would cause inflation, possibly run-away inflation. Presumably your scheme includes a way of preventing this?
Also, note that if interest rates on savings accounts became zero, that is in keeping with an inflation-free and more equal economy.
You're leaving your Nobel Prize winners behind again here. The three you mentioned by name (Irving Fischer, James Tobin and Milton Friedman) all accepted that interest was a fact of economic life under capitalism and made their mark by analysing various aspects of it. Fischer, incidentally, wasn't a Nobel Prize winner. This prize was only set up in 1969 and he died in 1947. He was however a keen campaigner for "full reserve banking". None of them wanted to abolish interest. Neither does the main thinktank in this country advocating "full reserve banking", Positive Money. In their booklet Full-Reserve Banking in Plain English the say (page 21) that what will be the same under this banking reform would be:
1. Investment accounts will still be used by customers who wish to 'put money aside' or earn interest on their spare money ('savings').
2. These accounts would still pay varying rates of interest.
If interest rates on savings were zero why would anybody lend their savings to a bank to relend at interest? This wouldn't make sense (unless there was deflation or fall in the general price level). I don't think you've thought your reform proposal through. You can't have capitalism and abolish interest. I know the view that you can goes back a long way (Karl Marx encountered it in the 1840s). In fact it could be said to be the original currency crank theory.
 
Private entities should not be able to lend money at interest. A full nationalisation of the money-creation process in which state entities and genuine cooperatives are the only ones allowed to lend money at interest. That is the only way to prevent the inevitable conflict of interests that private money creation entails - getting people into debt is good for business; hiking up asset values is good for business; what is good for the bank, generally, is not good for everyone else.
Even in narrow capitalist terms, a business in whose interests it is to fuck over its customers is not one that should exist in a market system.
And this is, imo, a realistic possibility as capitalism continues to misfire.
So, under your reform of capitalism only the central bank or perhaps some government department, the Co-operative Bank, building societies and credit unions would also be allowed to lend money at interest. I don't think this would make much difference to the way the capitalist economy works. It would still be dominated by profit-seeking corporations, most of which are non-financial. Capitalism misfires not because there's some flaw in the banking system, but because it's a system based on the competitive pursuit of profits by private and/or state enterprises. If they are to survive co-operative enterprises have to play by the same rules, i.e seek to make profits to re-invest in cost-cutting innovations so as to be competitive and stay in the race for sales and profits.

Anyway, if like other banks, the Co-operative Bank can make loans out of nothing, what would be wrong with it doing this to finance "ethical" projects? In fact, if it has this power, why doesn't it use it to do this? Not to do so would be being unethical. The fact that it doesn't is yet further proof that a bank can't create money to lend out of nothing.
 
So, under your reform of capitalism only the central bank or perhaps some government department, the Co-operative Bank, building societies and credit unions would also be allowed to lend money at interest. I don't think this would make much difference to the way the capitalist economy works. It would still be dominated by profit-seeking corporations, most of which are non-financial. Capitalism misfires not because there's some flaw in the banking system, but because it's a system based on the competitive pursuit of profits by private and/or state enterprises. If they are to survive co-operative enterprises have to play by the same rules, i.e seek to make profits to re-invest in cost-cutting innovations so as to be competitive and stay in the race for sales and profits.

Anyway, if like other banks, the Co-operative Bank can make loans out of nothing, what would be wrong with it doing this to finance "ethical" projects? In fact, if it has this power, why doesn't it use it to do this? Not to do so would be being unethical. The fact that it doesn't is yet further proof that a bank can't create money to lend out of nothing.
I've been talking about the conditions that need to exist for it to happen - someone wanting that money, prepared to get into debt, and someone else prepared to accept the money in return for some thing of real value. You're arguing with someone else on that point.

As for your first point, I don't accept it. Cooperative, worker-owned entities don't have to seek profits in the same way as shareholder-owned companies do. And in a world where there is no competition from shareholder-owned companies, there is even less pressure on them to do so.
 
So, under your reform of capitalism only the central bank or perhaps some government department, the Co-operative Bank, building societies and credit unions would also be allowed to lend money at interest. I don't think this would make much difference to the way the capitalist economy works. It would still be dominated by profit-seeking corporations, most of which are non-financial. Capitalism misfires not because there's some flaw in the banking system, but because it's a system based on the competitive pursuit of profits by private and/or state enterprises. If they are to survive co-operative enterprises have to play by the same rules, i.e seek to make profits to re-invest in cost-cutting innovations so as to be competitive and stay in the race for sales and profits.

Anyway, if like other banks, the Co-operative Bank can make loans out of nothing, what would be wrong with it doing this to finance "ethical" projects? In fact, if it has this power, why doesn't it use it to do this? Not to do so would be being unethical. The fact that it doesn't is yet further proof that a bank can't create money to lend out of nothing.
the 'money first' analysis never seem to see capitalist social relations as the problem though Jean - it's all about getting rid of the pope, not the system of catholicism which is the essence that ultimately manifests itself in pope like phenomenal forms - it's the 21st century equivalent of 19th century vulgar political economy
 
the 'money first' analysis never seem to see capitalist social relations as the problem though Jean - it's all about getting rid of the pope, not the system of catholicism which is the essence that ultimately manifests itself in pope like phenomenal forms - it's the 21st century equivalent of 19th century vulgar political economy
Oh fuck off with your patronising shit. Changing patterns of ownership is crucial to making any real change. I've never denied this, and in fact, I would see nationalising the banking system as a necessary step to achieve it.
 
Cooperative, worker-owned entities don't have to seek profits in the same way as shareholder-owned companies do.

sorry but this is absolute nonsense - this fetishism of co-ops within capitalism shows a total ignorance of the realities of any kind of organisation operating and competing within capitalist social relations
 
sorry but this is absolute nonsense - this fetishism of co-ops within capitalism shows a total ignorance of the realities of any kind of organisation operating and competing within capitalist social relations
Not nonsense. The difference may not be huge, but it is better to work for Waitrose than Tesco.
 
Not nonsense. The difference may not be huge, but it is better to work for Waitrose than Tesco.

a worker working in waitrose is still required to sell their labour as a commodity in the market in order to survive - there is no essential change in the wage-labour relationship they have with the individual capital of their own company nor capital in general within society - their labour power is turned into a commodity and sold to capital to allow them to then purchase the commodified means of subsistence - none of this changes whether you work for waitrose or tesco

waitrose/JL is still an organisation which buys labour as a commodity in order to sell commodities to labour

even if workers there end up with marginally more in return for their sold labour it doesn't really change anything - the relationship to capital is essentially a qualitative relation based at the level of society as a whole not a quantitive one based at the level of the individual company (which is why marx makes the point that co-operatives operating within capitalist social relations naturally reproduce, and must reproduce, everywhere in their actual organisation all the shortcomings of the prevailing system)
 
the 'money first' analysis never seem to see capitalist social relations as the problem though Jean - it's all about getting rid of the pope, not the system of catholicism which is the essence that ultimately manifests itself in pope like phenomenal forms - it's the 21st century equivalent of 19th century vulgar political economy
Yes, most Banking and Money reformers are free-marketeers who think that, once their banking reform has been implemented, capitalism should be allowed to operate without state interference and will then function in a crisis-free way without booms and slumps. The left-wing variety goes back to the anarchist Proudhon and his crack-pot scheme for "free credit", ie interest-free loans from a People's Bank.
 
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