For sure, religion and general awareness about religious tropes and memes (if you will) were part of the everyday vernacular. The Church and all its doing was the backdrop against which everything else took place. Much like comtemporary pop culture: I’ve never watched a single episode of the Kardashians but I know who they are, how they live and what their values are; or at least I think I do, and I tend to believe that I know enough to understand the wider conversation around them and all their doings.
The culture of the Church in the Middle Ages was I suspect in many ways comparable: some people are avid followers of and feel deeply involved with pop culture, talent contests, who’s putting on weight and who’s shagging who in the gossip rags; others keep an eye on it, make their living from it, or feel that it’s meaningful and crucially important; while others are largely unimpressed and not bothered and still others are vehemently against it all and all it stands for. You could say very similar things about the Church.
(For the pedantc: I’m obviously not making a direct comparison, I’m not saying contemporary pop culture is a religion or based on belief in the divine... although now I think about it..... I suppose some people do feel that Slebs are in some way *more* than the rest of us...)
So yes, everyone was deeply aware of the Church: it provided the framework for the day,for each month, the year, for every life. But not everyone wanted to go, not everyone was interested in it. The fact that so many sermons were about how you go to Hell if you stay away from church tells us that staying away from church was a Thing. The many rules and regulations as well as listed punishments about not ploughing on a saint’s day or whatever tells us that plenty of people ploughed in saint’s days. Being able to buy your way out of Hell with Indulgences tells us that it was so normal for people to want to find a secular way to avoid the worry of damnation that a huge and lucrative market sprang up around it.
It’s really not controversial to say that belief in god was far from universal in the Middle Ages.
Church in the Middle Ages: from dedication to dissent