Less than two weeks ago the leaders of the eurozone were looking forward to an August sunning themselves on the beach after concluding a deal that was supposed to resolve once and for all the debt crisis on the fringes of the single currency.
Now the euphoria seems a distant memory, redolent of Neville Chamberlain's "peace in our time" as the financial markets threaten two of the big beasts of monetary union – Italy and Spain.
As bond yields in both countries rose to levels not seen since monetary union was created more than a decade ago, Spain's prime minister, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, said he was postponing his three-week holiday to monitor economic developments. Italy's economics minister, Giulio Tremonti, called an emergency meeting to discuss how his country, which has the biggest national debt of any eurozone nation bar Greece, could cope with the speculative attacks.
Traditionally, Europe closes for business in August unless there is a good reason policymakers should be shackled to their desks. This year there is.