Most certainly. You owe a duty to a burglar, so if your having work done on your property, dont go leaving any rusty nails sticking out of floor boards
. You owe a duty of care to anybody where there is a relationship of proximity and reasonable foresight of harm. The neighbor test laid down in Donoghue vs Stevenson 1932 by lord Aiken is one of the earliest tests for such a duty.
""The rule that you are to love your neighbour becomes in law you must not injure your neighbor; and the lawyer's question " Who is my ' neighbour ?" receives a restricted reply. You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. Who then in law is my neighbour? The answer seems to be persons who are so closely and directly affected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are called in question."
prior to this case, there had to be some kind of pre existing relationship in order for a duty to be imposed, such as a relationship akin to employee/employer.
Then lord Wilberforce in Anns vs Merton LBC 1978 introduced a policy consideration test, a kind of get out of jail free card, one which for instance might work in favor of local authorities (in some instances) where the day to day running of local councils could be impeded if the threat of legal action was always looming. Similarly until 2000, a barrister could not be sued for negligently representing his client.
Due to the floodgate argument, the duty was narrowed by lord Bridge in Caparo industries plc vs Dickman 1990 to include a 3rd element to the Anns test the "is it fair, just and reasonable" to impose a duty.