The song's theme is taken from the
Spanish Civil War, and the idealism of
Welsh volunteers who joined the
left-wing International Brigades, fighting
Francisco Franco's military rebels against the
Spanish Republic. The song takes its name from a
Republican poster of the time, displaying a photograph of a young child killed by the
Nationalists under a sky of bombers with the stark warning "If you tolerate this, your children will be next" written at the bottom.
[1]
Various works on the Spanish Civil War were the inspiration for this song, and certain lyrics pertain directly to these works. For example, the line "If I can shoot rabbits/then I can shoot fascists" is attributed to a remark made by a man who signed up with the Republican fighters to his brother in an interview years later. This was originally quoted in the book
Miners Against Fascism by
Hywel Francis. Another work
George Orwell's first-hand account, "
Homage to Catalonia". "I've walked
Las Ramblas/but not with real intent" brings to mind the account in Orwell's book of fighting on the Ramblas, with the various factions seemingly getting nowhere, with the fighting and often a sense of camaraderie overriding the vaunted principles each side was supposed to be fighting for. Wire has also acknowledged that he was also inspired by a song by
The Clash, "
Spanish Bombs", which has a similar subject.[
citation needed]