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15ch ?? Rail bridge?

That sign is for a bridge. As Puddy_Tat has said, specifically the Penge West Station Footbridge. The sign states that this bridge is 7 miles and 15 chains down line from where the line originates (which I'm guessing is London bridge). A chain is 22 yards (66 feet). Railways still use the chain as a unit mainly because they always have.
 
Motorways are measured in metres/km, but this is still referred to as ‘chainage’, it’s the usual term for any linear measurement of things like this. On motorways it gets a bit confusing because chainage on one carriageway might be different to the other side since one will be longer around curves than another, or might deviate around a farm or something like that.

Having worked on motorway drawings I was never sure where the exact reference was, whether taken from centreline of carriageway or from one of the edges, and this has likely been mucked about by widening schemes. We just used to get the chainage markers on an imported layer into the drawing from the HA and took their word for it!
 
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