Frankenstein can be read as a critique of the authors own class. In Frankenstein’s monster we see an ugly but virtuous symbol of the working class. The new discoveries in science and the avarice of Shelley’s class were instrumental in the creation of the industrialised working class. Frankenstein can be seen to reflect the fear and revulsion of the Bourgeoisie (allied with an increasingly bourgeoisified aristocracy) towards the newly industrialised proletariat. But it is clear to see shelleys symapthies rest with the Monster.. It is the monster who is wronged, it is the monster who is innocence twisted by rejection. Indeed Victor’s complete refusal to accept any guilt is a direct criticism of the hubris of the bourgeois scientific class.
In Victor Frankenstein we can see a symbol for the emergent male scientific arrogance of the time. The closest he gets to any admission of responsibility is to say ‘I felt as if I had committed some great crime, the consciousness of which haunted me. I was guiltless, but had indeed drawn down a horrible curse upon my head, as mortal as that of crime’ (chptr 19 pg 157).
We can see how Dr. Frankenstein’s initial love of old alchemy and superseded science is overthrown by the new Natural Philosophy he encounters in Ingolstadt, yet the aims of those he initially read (Magnus, Paracelsus) still resonate with him in terms of ambition. ’These were men who’s indefatigable zeal modern philosophers were indebted for most of the foundations of their knowledge’ (chptr 2 pg 47). It is the author’s method for showing that the newer, tradition-overthrowing methods suffer from the same hubristic attitudes as the methods they are overturning
Victors self-regarding lamentation, his refusal to acknowledge his debt of guilt could perhaps be Shelley’s closer to home critique of the Romantic poets like her husband who wrote poetry about the class struggle but did little else to address it. Upton Sinclair, author of Mammonart said of Percy “Shelley was one among the sons of Rousseau who did not falter and turn back to feudalism, Catholicism, or mysticism of any sort. He fixed his eyes upon the future, and never wavered for a moment. He attacked class privilege, not merely political, but industrial; and so he is the coming poet of labor.”